Executive Pay Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Executive Pay - Case Study Example The roles involved range from setting the goals, planning, overseeing to implementation (He, Mahoney and Wang 302). The size of the company should compensate the managers for all their contributions to the company. Among the inducements as He, Mahoney and Wang indicate include the reasonable compensation packages to the managers, and ownership of the management process (302). This will automatically motivate the managers to perform. So as to control the relationship so that it suits the interest of the shareholders, it is recommended that the managers and the stakeholders build their rapport (He, Mahoney and Wang 302-6). This will ease the compensation process considering the kind of effort the managers put in the organisation. The managers will in turn make propositions that will favor the shareholders through meeting the set goals of the organization. The acquired profits will be distributed reasonably among the involved stakeholders. He, Jinyu. Mahoney, Joseph and Wang, Heli. â€Å"Firm capability, corporate governance and competitive behaviour: a multi-theoretic framework†, Int. J. Strategic Change Management, 1.4(2009):293 – 318.

Ethical Argument of The Omnivore's Dilemma Essay

Ethical Argument of The Omnivore's Dilemma - Essay Example k, The Omnivore’s Dilemma, Michael Pollan has raised this issue as well, calling for an alternative to present day’s farming practices, when it comes to raising cattle for food. It is evident, that a change is, indeed, warranted, especially when it comes to the feedlot, and feeding of the cattle, because, as Pollan puts it, we â€Å"are what [we] eat eats too† (84). It would be, perhaps, best if we reverted to the old days of localized animal farming, where the cattle would be raised as close to their natural and evolutionary pattern as possible. The feedlots of today are not a modern inception; they came into being round about the time of the Second World War, when food had to be produced at a much cheaper and quicker way to feed the troops, while taking into account the lower number of men available for farming. While they were efficient for this purpose, they did not take into account the havoc the system may play on the various natural processes involved in cattle raising, both on the cattle and on the consumers thereof. First, animal farms were moved from main cities and cattle were displaced from â€Å"widely dispersed farms in places like Iowa to live in densely populated new animal cities† (Pollan 67), termed CAFO (Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation). This creates problems on its own, as now the cattle waste that was once used to fertilize the farm goes to waste and ends up polluting the environment. Though, as it would later be explained, the manure of the cattle on CAFOs is no longer so tenable either. The calves that are born into the present animal farms are allowed their natural diet of mother’s milk and grass for only six months, after which they are taken away to the CAFO, to be fed an unnatural diet of â€Å"corn, for no other reason than it offers the cheapest calories around† (Pollan 68). Corn is not a natural food for the cattle, which results in many health problems for them; their stomachs do not digest corn well. Marvels of evolution,

The Philippine Overseas Employment Administration Essay Example for Free

The Philippine Overseas Employment Administration Essay The Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA) is an agency of the Government of the Philippines responsible for opening the benefits of the overseas employment program of the Philippines. It is the main government agency assigned to monitor and supervise recruitment agencies in the Philippines. The POEAs office is located at EDSA corner Ortigas Avenue, Mandaluyong City, Philippines. The POEA has an organizational structure with the POEA Governing Board at the top. The Secretary of Labor and Employment heads the Governing Board, and the POEA Administrator as vice-chairman and representatives from the private, women, sea-based and land-based sectors as members. The Philippine Overseas Employment Administration was established in 1982 through Executive Order No. 797. The goal of the agencys establishment was to promote and monitor the overseas employment of Filipino workers. The POEA was reorganized in 1987 through Executive Order No. 47 in order to respond to changing markets and economic conditions, and to strengthen components that would protect Filipino workers and the regulatory components of the overseas employment program The Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995 instituted State policies of overseas employment and established standards for protection and promotion of welfare for migrant workers and their families, and for overseas Filipinos in distress. The act specifies, Migrant worker refers to a person who is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a state of which he or she is not a legal resident; to be used interchangeably with overseas Filipino worker. Regarding deployment of migrant workers, the act mandates, The State shall deploy overseas Filipino workers only in countries where the rights of Filipino migrant workers are protected In 2010, Republic Act No. 10022 amended some of these provisions, including those quoted above. Among other changes, the paragraph defining the term Migrant worker was amended to read, Overseas Filipino worker refers to a person who is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a state of which he or she is not a citizen or on board a vessel navigating the foreign seas other than a government ship used for military or non-commercial purposes or on an installation located offshore or on the high seas; to be used interchangeably with migrant worker. , and the introductory text regarding deployment was amended to read, The State shall allow the deployment of overseas Filipino workers only in countries where the rights of Filipino migrant workers are protected. The POEA is an attached agency of the Department of Labor Employment (DOLE) tasked to manage the country’s labor migration program. Their vision: Excellence in governance for world-class Filipino migrant workers. While regarding their mission: POEA connects to the world, and, in partnership with all stakeholders, facilitates the generation and preservation of decent jobs for Filipino migrant workers, promotes their protection and advocates their smooth reintegration into Philippine society. Structure The POEA Administrator oversees the daily operations of the agency and is supported by three deputy administrators. The Deputy Administrator for Employment and Welfare oversees the Pre-Employment Services Office and the Welfare and Employment Office. Under the Deputy Administrator for Adjudication and Employment Regulation are the Licensing and Regulation Office and the Adjudication Office. The Deputy Administrator for Management handles the general administrative and support services of the administration. The POEA has three (3) Regional Centers which are located in La Union for Luzon, Cebu for the Visayas region and Davao for the Mindanao area. Regional Extension Units are in Baguio-Cordillera Administrative Region, Iloilo, Cagayan de Oro and Zamboanga while satellite offices are located in Pampanga, Calamba, Laguna, Legaspi, Bacolod and Tacloban. Core Functions In terms of Industry Regulation, it issues license to engage in overseas recruitment and manning to private recruitment agencies and ship manning companies. Hears and arbitrates complaints and cases filed against recruitment and manning agencies, foreign principals and employers, and overseas workers for reported violation of POEA rules and regulations, except for money claims. They also implement a system of incentives and penalty for private sector participants and sets minimum labor standards. Monitors overseas job advertisements on print, broadcast and television and lastly supervises the government’s program on anti-illegal recruitment. And lastly imposes disciplinary actions on erring employers and workers and seafarers. Regarding their employment facilitation, they accredits/ registers foreign principals and employers hiring Filipino workers, approves manpower requests of foreign principals and employers, evaluates and processes employment contract, assists departing workers at the ports of exit, develops and monitors markets and conducts market research, conducts marketing missions, enters into memorandum of understanding on the hiring of Filipino workers with labor–receiving countries facilitates the deployment of workers hired through government-to-government arrangement and lastly they provides a system of worker’s registry. On provision of on-site remedies to OFWs to file complaints against employer or agency, OFWs may file complaints for violations of POEA rules against principal, employer, and/or Philippine recruitment agency at the Philippine Overseas Labor Office s (POLOs). Worker’s Protection The company (POEA), intensifies public education and information campaign, conducts pre-employment orientation and anti-illegal recruitment seminars nationwide, conducts Pre-Deployment Orientation Seminars (PDOS) to workers hired through the government-to-government arrangement and name hires, provides technical assistance in the drafting of bilateral and multilateral greement, provides legal assistance to victims of illegal recruitment, prepares OFW global mapping and profiling, implements gender-sensitive programs, networks with non-government organizations, workers’ organizations, etc. And they provides repatriation assistance Philippine Overseas Employment Administration, composed also the Ge neral Administration and Support Services which includes Human Resources Development, Property and Supplies Management, Financial Management, Information and Communication Technology, Plans and Policy Development and Quality Management System Summary of Activities The trainee completed a total of Two Hundred Forty Hours (240) of internship in Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA). The first day of on-the-job training (OJT) of the trainee started on the 15th day of April. On the first day, she’s quite excited and nervous of what she’ll do on the company and on what department or division we’ll she assigned. On the next day, the trainee deployed on her respective department together with her two co-trainees, she was assigned at the â€Å"Cash Division†. This department’s job is divided into two: first, the department collects payment of OFW’s, agencies other contractor connected to POEA, secondly the department also assigned in releasing of checks. It’s superior because the trainee was assigned based on her path. During her training days, the trainee practice herself to wake up early in the morning just to be on time and until now her so proud to herself because she maintains it. The first task assigned was to segregate of used official receipts and filing vouchers by its nature. Before the trainee does the entire job, her person in charge, well-informed first before they allowed performing what operation she’ll have to do. On the first week, she was also assigned to balance and record to the journal the collection report per collecting officer. They do this job weekly. After balancing and recording, the trainee encode the collection report in the course of which it includes; HDMF, BMAD, OWWA, PHILHEALTH. But regularly, the trainee performed releasing of checks, answering phone calls, receiving vouchers and recording those checks by its nature from the office n charge (OIC) unto General fund (salaries of employees), MDS Trust (claimants), LBP trust (payments for the service rendered by POEA). She was also assigning to photocopy some documents, filing the vouchers of the clients and designate to sign the clients on the voucher for the proof that the checks have been received. Regarding the participation, the trainee participate as a cashier 1 on the dep artment when the time comes that some employees are not present. She acts as a cashier because there are a lot of OFW’s who made their payments on their department. During the training at POEA, the trainee learned to interact with other people especially to her co-trainees came from different States, Universities Colleges. We know that people have different characteristics and attitudes; however making friends with the trainee’s co-workers doesn’t make difficult. From the interaction the trainee made with them, the later learned to work with patience. She also learned from her co-worker’s experiences and mistakes and applies them whenever she needed it. The setting also on the department get pleasure from her employer’s because the entire person above her was so accommodating, supportive and concerned to her. They also encourage the trainee to go on with her studies until she become a professional. It was a good experienced for her to train her ability on the POEA. The trainee also well-read how to be converted into a hardworking person and be on time, pursue the policy and information that are specified to them. All of what she learned in the company will brought her sooner or later, especially when she’s on a veracity of employment. And she’s so grateful that at least in some way, for a short period of time, she became a part of the company (POEA). Recommendation to the Company The company created a good service to their clients and gave the best training for the students. The trainee highly recommends to the Philippine Overseas Employment Administration to increase their employees/ manpower in every division. We all know that almost thousands of people, especially OFW’s reports and go to the company. The trainee easily observed that the company must focus in terms of their manpower so that they must attain their general objectives which assigned as quickly as they can monitor and supervise recruitment agencies in the Philippines. Recommendation to the School Based on what she have experienced, it’s hard to have an on the job training in far places because it’s too exhausting and costly, for the reason that most of the companies doesn’t offer salary or allowance for their student trainees. That’s why they have to shoulder all the expenses from foods, house up to the other essential that they need. What can she recommend is that, they should allow students to have their on the job training within Cavite because she believe that it is more progressive than before. There are lots of big companies and banks now that can also help students to develop their ability and comprehension and be more competitive someday.

Marketing Strategy For Daily Telegraph Marketing Essay

Marketing Strategy For Daily Telegraph Marketing Essay Each company must find the game plane for long term survival and growth that makes the most sense given its specific situation, opportunities, objectives and resources. It is important to understand the overall companies strategic planning to understand the marketing strategy. Strategic planning usually sets the rest of the company planning. It is the mix and match of companys objectives, goals and capabilities. In the recent days effective marketing strategy are equally important for newspaper industries. Generally news paper tells about other business marketing but the marketing strategy for the newspaper are never been discussed. (Peter J P Olson 2004). With the changing of Global Business environment, the marketing strategy of news paper is changing. In this particular paper the researcher will demonstrate the marketing strategy for one of the UKs leading news paper Daily Telegraph. The Daily Telegraph is one of the famous and effective daily morning newspaper distributed throughout the United Kingdom and internationally. It was first founded in June 1855 by Colonel Arthur B. Sleigh. It is the only remaining major newspaper in UK. It is now owned by David and Fredrick Barclay, and it is the ninth largest newspaper in UK. In the recent days Daily Telegraph, has become one of the successful newspaper not just in UK market also in International market. In January 2009, the Telegraph was the highest selling newspaper, with average daily circulation of 842,912. The daily telegraph has a significant influence in British Politics. The significant number of readers shows that Daily Telegraph is popular in the newspaper market. Effective marketing strategy leads them to this successful condition. As like other business, newspaper business has a marketing strategy, which they follow to compete with the market. For the purpose of this particular paper, the researcher constitutes several of factors that might influence the marketing strategy for Daily Telegraph. The researcher will start with discussing about the objectives of daily Telegraph, researcher then discuss about business environment that might influence Daily Telegraphs marketing strategy. The researcher also demonstrate the factor involve in 7 Ps. The researcher also constitute situation of Daily Telegraph in global market. Marketing Objective for Daily Telegraph: Informing: Objectives should provide with the information about functional and psychological needs that the services satisfies. It is very important especially for new product. In the case of Daily telegraph they just need to set their communication objectives as to inform audience in more sophisticated way because they already know the needs of their potential buyer. Persuading: Objective should set to persuades consumer to move towards some action or attitude. It should be appropriate for competitive growth products. The Daily telegraph is a growing business in a competitive market. Reminding: In the objectives companies initiate a communication approach that reminds that the product or services is still available. As a existing company Daily Telegraph will set their marketing communication objectives in reminding that the services are still available for them. Marketing Strategy for Daily Telegraph: Before go the marketing strategy for Daily Telegraph the leading news paper in the UK, we need to understand the concept of marketing strategy. Marketing strategy is a marketing process and a marketing method which justify and focuses an organizations energies and resources on a course of action (Christopher M, Payne A Ballantgne D 2002). Marketing strategy eventually can lead to increased sales and dominance of a targeted market niche. A marketing strategy consists several of elements such as product development, promotion, distribution, pricing, relationship management and other elements. It help in identifies the firms marketing objectives as well as organizational objectives and goals. It also explains how they can be achieved, ideally within a stated timeframe. Marketing strategy determines the choice of target market segments, positioning, marketing mix, and allocation of resources. Business Environment for telegraph: It is very important to consider the business environment for any organization before established a marketing strategy. Studying the external and internal environment which influence organizations overall business strategy including marketing strategy. As different organization work in different industries and business environment, it is important to find out appropriate business environment for them. UK news paper market is very competitive. So it is important for Telegraph to consider the business environment first, before concentrating towards their consumer. There is several of factor need to be considered to evaluate the environmental issues for newspaper Daily Telegraph. There are two different business environments, one is internal and other is external. To measure those issues, organization needs to use several of marketing model and theory. SWOT and PESTEL is important model in this regard. SWOT Analysis for Daily Telegraph: SWOT Analysis is a strategic planning method used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats involved in a project or in a business venture. It involves specifying the objective of the business venture or project and identifying the internal and external factors that are favorable and unfavorable to achieving that objective. SWOT provides convenient headings under which to study an organization in its environmental setting and may provide a basis for decision making and problem-solving (Mullins J L 2005). Internal Environment: Strengths: Strengths are those positive aspects or distinctive attributes or competencies which provide a significant market advantage or upon which the organization can build for example, through the pursuit of diversification (Mullins J L 2005). Strength is the measurer of internal business environment for any organization. As far as Telegraph is concern, is has got the competency because it has been working as an influential in this particular industries for the past several of decades. Because of its strong work ethic, internal business environment are in favor of it which put it in a competitive advantage situation. Weakness: Weakness is those negative aspects or deficiencies in the present competencies or resources of organization or its image or reputation, which limits its effectiveness and which needs to be corrected or need action taken to minimize their effects (Mullins J L 2005). Every organization has some negative aspect, so do Telegraph has some. It has some political influence which sometime work as negative business environment for Telegraph. Different political views some time reflects on it writing and information. External Environment: Opportunities: Opportunities are favorable conditions and usually arise from the nature of changes in the external environment (Mullins J L 2005). As far as Telegraph is concern it has got the potential which work as its opportunity towards the newspaper market. So considering the external business environment Telegraph is in competitive position. As the researcher mentioned that in January 2009 it has been selected as one of the highest selling newspaper, it reflects the external environment is in its favor and it in fact an opportunity for Telegraph. Threats: Threats are the converse of opportunity and refer to unfavorable situation which arise from external developments likely to endanger the operations and effectiveness of the organization. It includes political and economical, new product by competition and other external factor. Same as the opportunity we have to assume that some external factor of Daily Telegraph has became a threats for him. Because of its traditional working patterns, it will face some threats from outside market because there are some developments of new ideas in these particular industries. PESTEL Analysis: PESTELstands for Political, Economic, Social, Technical, Environment and Legislative. It is a strategic planning technique that provides a useful framework for analyzing the environmental pressures on a team or an organization.PEST analysis is also know as a useful strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations Kotler (1998). Political factor: Political factor includes Government, tax, trade barriers, and infrastructure. Considering Political situation in UK, Daily Telegraph has been influenced by it for last several of decades. It is known to every one that, daily Telegraph indirectly a conservative party newspaper and 65% of its reader is conservative party supporter. Its make a great deal of impact on its marketing strategy. It is am external business environment which not just influence its marketing decision but also the overall business strategy as well. Economic factor: Economic factor are the most important for any organization towards its growth. These include interest rates, taxation changes, economic growth, inflation and exchange rates. In the recent days, economic crises are the major concern for UK and it hits the newspaper industries as well. Most of the business organization has to change their marketing strategy because of the economic factor which works as both internal and external business environment. Social Factor: Changes in social trends can impact on the demand for a firms services and the availability and willingness of individuals to work. UK has got multicultural environment. Considering the social factor Daily Telegraph should concentrate on planning for their marketing strategy. Generally every news paper has some responsibilities towards the society. So daily star should consider the social influence as well as social responsibilities towards its marketing strategy. Technological factor: New technologies create new services and new processes. Because of globalization technology are developing rapidly. The impact of technological development mostly effect on the media sector. Technological development increases the marketing opportunity for news paper industries. Legal: Legal factor put impact on companys legislation such as employment, competition and health safety. It is vary important for every company for their marketing strategy. Legal factor are important in media industries because it deals with very sensitive matter. As far as news paper is concern they have to consider the ethical and unethical, legal and illegal advertising. In UK every newspaper has to follow the EU law and trading policies including the marketing strategy. Environmental: Environmental factor influenced the level of pollution created by the product or service. News paper should take in to consideration of environmental issues and encourage general people regarding this. So the marketing strategy is influenced by the environmental factor for Daily Telegraph. Marketing Strategy and Marketing Mix: Marketing mix and marketing strategy has a positive relationship. As far as marketing strategy and marketing mix is concern, company has to consider several of factor such as product, price, place, promotion, people, process and physical evidence which is know as 7Ps. (Hawkins I, Roger D Best J 1998). Product: Product means the goods and services combined the company offer to the targeted consumer market. In the case of Daily Telegraph news paper is the product and every one is the consumer. Daily telegraph has to consider their product and service level to create an effective marketing strategy. Price: Price is the money that consumer pay for their consumption of goods and services. Daily telegraph has to consider the price for their goods and services they provide to the consumer in respect of marketing purpose. Place: Place includes the companies activities that make the product available to target consumers. Promotion: Promotion activities that communicate the merits of the product and persuade target customers to buy it. People: People are generally known as consumer who will buy the product and services. Process: Process is the marketing process that involve in promoting the product and services. It is one of the vital parts of marketing strategy. Physical Evidence: Physical evidence consist the physical existence of the product and services. Marketing Communication Tools Integrated marketing communication refers to the management and control of all marketing communication; in fact it is the implicated level of marketing communication which is a part of marketing strategy. The strategic analysis, choice and control of all elements of marketing communications that efficiently, economically and effectively influence transaction an organization and its consumer (Smith P, Berry C Pulford 1997, 1999). Conclusion: During the analysis of different field of marketing strategy the researcher found several of ideas that could be implemented in Daily Telegraph marketing strategic process. Because of the recent changing global business environment, it is vital for Daily Telegraph to take appropriate initiative to build a relationship with the existing customer and also to focus on creating new customers. As recent days corporate responsibilities are a key issue in terms of ethical marketing communication process, Daily Telegraph should follow the truthful and sensible marketing communication concept but in new approach which refers to the integrated communication tools. Daily Telegraph should take in to consideration of buyer behavior seriously because of changing environment. Reference Cited: Christopher M, Payne A Ballantgne D (2002); Relationship Marketing: Creating Stockholders Values; 2nd rev edition; A Butterworth-Heinemann. Peter J P Olson (2004) Consumer Behavior : Series in Marketing, McGrew Hill Irwin Simons, J. A., Irwin, D. B., Drinnien, B. A. (1987). Psychology: The search for understanding. New York, West Publishing. Smith P, Berry C Pulford A (1997, 1999) Strategic Marketing Communication, Kogan Page Limited, USA Mullins J L (2005), Marketing Strategy; Ney York, McGraw Hill. Hawkins I, Roger D Best J (1998) Consumer Behavior: Building Marketing Strategy, 7th Edition, Mc Grow Hill, Boston.

Computer Technology Essay -- Technology, Data Modeling

Computer technology is one of the most essential in the world of today. It has become an important tool in varieties applications. There have two main areas which based on the computer technology to accomplish in their systems, these are the data model and the data classification. In terms of The data modelling, it is a way to simplify the real system by using the abstract representation. Birta and Arbez (2007:p. 6) state that data modelling has replaced the real system by describing with a simple technical way instead of find out the results by using experiments. There is a variety of benefits why the experiment has been replaced by data modelling. It could come from a higher cost of investment, a dangerous of experiments or those experiments use a long time to test the system. The role of data model has been used in a wide range of possible areas. However, the principal application is to support the business processes of an organization, such as product manufacturing or payment of insurance and taxes. Turning to the data classification, Vellante (2009) refers to the data and information classification is that The rules and the processes to classify a large scale of information which can be manipulated and managed more efficiently following to require. In addition, the usefulness of data classification is that it can prepare an organization to get information and solves specific requirements efficiently. | Regarding the title, this issue focuses on several criteria of data modeling and data classification. Firstly, the essential criteria of data modelling involve a criterion of cost, a dangerous criterion and the criterion of non-existing system. Secondly, the data classification highlights in criterion of the classes ... ...ms the data model is an advantageous tool to replace all RFID standard and logistic process. Zacharewicz, et al. (2011:p 597) agree with Bottani1’s point by considering the data modelling and distribute simulation should be a preceding procedure to assist dimension and validation behavior before developing a real logistics and chain management systems. In this regard, a main advantage of modelling has been found in its capability to investigate the complex systems. It could be very useful to understand the practical implications of the technology. Other reasons of modelling are that due to high economic investment to comparison the RFID system with others solutions such as barcodes. Finally, it is really as economic risk if implement of RFID solutions in a real transportation or supply chain cases without knowledge the advantages and limits of this technology. Computer Technology Essay -- Technology, Data Modeling Computer technology is one of the most essential in the world of today. It has become an important tool in varieties applications. There have two main areas which based on the computer technology to accomplish in their systems, these are the data model and the data classification. In terms of The data modelling, it is a way to simplify the real system by using the abstract representation. Birta and Arbez (2007:p. 6) state that data modelling has replaced the real system by describing with a simple technical way instead of find out the results by using experiments. There is a variety of benefits why the experiment has been replaced by data modelling. It could come from a higher cost of investment, a dangerous of experiments or those experiments use a long time to test the system. The role of data model has been used in a wide range of possible areas. However, the principal application is to support the business processes of an organization, such as product manufacturing or payment of insurance and taxes. Turning to the data classification, Vellante (2009) refers to the data and information classification is that The rules and the processes to classify a large scale of information which can be manipulated and managed more efficiently following to require. In addition, the usefulness of data classification is that it can prepare an organization to get information and solves specific requirements efficiently. | Regarding the title, this issue focuses on several criteria of data modeling and data classification. Firstly, the essential criteria of data modelling involve a criterion of cost, a dangerous criterion and the criterion of non-existing system. Secondly, the data classification highlights in criterion of the classes ... ...ms the data model is an advantageous tool to replace all RFID standard and logistic process. Zacharewicz, et al. (2011:p 597) agree with Bottani1’s point by considering the data modelling and distribute simulation should be a preceding procedure to assist dimension and validation behavior before developing a real logistics and chain management systems. In this regard, a main advantage of modelling has been found in its capability to investigate the complex systems. It could be very useful to understand the practical implications of the technology. Other reasons of modelling are that due to high economic investment to comparison the RFID system with others solutions such as barcodes. Finally, it is really as economic risk if implement of RFID solutions in a real transportation or supply chain cases without knowledge the advantages and limits of this technology.

William McKinley Essay -- essays research papers

William McKinley 25th President of the United States. William McKinley was born on January 29, 1843 in Niles, Ohio, a town of about 300 people. He was the 7th child born to William and Nancy Alison McKinley His family moved to Poland, Ohio when he was nine years old so that the children could go to a private school called the Poland Academy. In school William liked to read, debate, and he was the president of the school’s first debate club. When he was 16 he went to Allegheny College in Meadville, Pennsylvania, for a while before he got sick and had to return home .he did not go back to Meadville, because the family had no money. Instead, he worked as a postal clerk for awhile. When the Civil War started on April 12, 1861, he taught at Kerr School near Poland, Ohio. He and a cousin, Will Osbourne enlisted as privates in the 23rd regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which was under the command of Rutherford B. Hayes, the future U.S. president, Because of this acts of bravery, he was promoted to the rank of second lieutenant. By the time the war was over he had attained the rank of brevet major. William went back to Poland, Ohio where he studied law with Judge Charles Glidden. In 1866 he went to law school in Albany, New York, but he did not graduate. In 1867 he was admitted to the bar in Warren, Ohio. He moved to Canton, Ohio where two of his sisters were schoolteachers and he got a job working for Judge George Belden. Belden was so busy with cases that he offered one to McKinley. McKinley won the case and so impressed the judge that he was paid $25.00 for the case and was given a job. Later, McKinley opened his own law office and got into the politics of the Republican Party. He was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Stark County in 1869. While also doing business at a local bank where he met Ida Saxton, she was the daughter of his boss, and was also the Belle of Canton. They got married in January, 1871 and their first daughter, Katherine, was born on Christmas day. Their second child, Ida, was born in 1873 and died at the age of 4 Â ½ months. That same year, Mrs. McKinley’s mother also died. Two years later, their first daughter, Katie, died of typhoid fever. Mrs. McKinley got sick with depression, phlebitis, and epilepsy, which left her needing constant care. Mr. McKinley was always concerned about her and he was known for his devotion to her. McK... ...he president was waiting for medical aid, he said to his secretary, my wife, be careful, Corte you, how you tell her-oh, be careful. He also told the aide not to let the crowd hurt the assassin. McKinley was rushed to a nearby hospital for emergency surgery. . The president was operated on but they could not find the bullet, so they closed him up and sent him to the home in hope that the president would recover. He started to improve for a couple of days but then he took a turn for the worse and died on September 14th from infection. Doctors had decided not to use Edison’s X-ray machine to find the bullet because they were not sure of what effects it might have had on the president. The president’s body first went to the Buffalo City Hall to be seen by the public for a couple of days, then to Washington D.C. for two days and finally to Canton, Ohio on September 18th where he was buried at Westlawn Cemetery. He was the third president to be assassinated: the others w ere Lincoln and Garfield. The assassin was tried, found guilty, and was electrocuted in Buffalo shortly after the shooting. McKinley’s wife, Ida, returned to Canton where a sister cared for her until her death in 1907.

Maslow’s theory Essay

There is an interrelationship between Maslow’s theory and Herzberg’s theory. These two theories have a similarity in that both of them suggest employee satisfaction as a motivation factor. Form the above discussion, it is possible to tell that Herzberg cites esteem needs and self-actualization needs from Maslow’s theory as the motivators. Others needs do not cause motivation and failure to address them in the organization setting only leads to dissatisfaction. Criticisms Maslow’s theory Several criticisms exist about Maslow’s motivation theory. To begin with, there is limited scientific evidence if any to support the above theory. Furthermore, personal need priorities may not be in the order given by Maslow. For example, there is a possibility of social needs coming before security needs since one must belong to a society in the first place. Another criticism is that people do not necessarily satisfy each level of need at a time. Needs tend to conflict such that a person may be motivated to achieve different needs at the same time or make priorities depending on the urgency of each need. Maslow’s theory is therefore general and does not consider individual differences. Herzberg’s theory Herzberg’s theory does not also consider individual differences when analyzing factors that cause satisfaction and those that cause dissatisfaction. One dissatisfaction factor may be a motivator for someone else and vise versa. For example, increased responsibility could be a dissatisfier for someone who is resistant to change. Again Hertzber’s model is too simplistic and only addresses factors that people would consider normal motivational factors in any workplace setting. Describe goal setting theory. Explain how this theory can be applied to performance appraisal and compensation This is a motivational theory developed by Edwin Locke. It is actually an improvement of the final causality theory advanced by Aristotle which put forth that purpose can lead to action. According to Locke, an individual’s behavior is to a large extent influenced by their ambitions and goals (Latham and Locke, 2002). For this reason, goals significantly improve performance. Most individuals set goals in anticipation for something; usually a reward to be obtained after achieving the set goal. Goals can be said to affect performance in three different ways (Latham and Locke, 2002). Firstly, they narrow an individual’s attention so that all efforts are directed towards activities that are relevant to achieving the set goals. Similarly, irrelevant or undesirable activities are avoided. Secondly, goals increase effort as individuals strive to achieve the set goal so as to gain the expected reward. Thirdly, goals help individuals to develop persistence. In other words, they become more willing to work even in the midst of challenges and setbacks. Goal setting is guided by factors known as moderators (Latham and Locke, 2002). These include goal –commitment, attainability and self-efficacy. In order to attain a certain goal, an individual must be ready to face every challenge that he or she finds on the way. Commitment depicts the need to achieve no matter what the circumstances. Set goals must also be attainable so that individuals must not set goals that cannot be reached. Finally, self-efficacy must be present for goals to be achieved. This refers to the ability to act in a certain way so as to be able to achieve set objectives.